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Hydrogen peroxide liquid Less toxic than other Contraindicated for use on
eye equipment) available
chemical sterilants copper, zinc, brass, aluminium
(6-25%)
Costly equipment/devices that may be Concentration must be
Safe for environment Store in cool place, protect from
.
lost in transit monitored
light
Rapid
Limitations on length and lumens
of medical equipment/devices
Sterility is achieved after 6 hours.
that can be effectively sterilized
Cannot monitor for sterility
Microwave ovens Not acceptable None
Not acceptable
| Page 97 of 109 pages
Best Practices for Cleaning, Disinfection and Sterilization in All Health Care Settings February, 2010
MANUFACTURERS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRODUCT, CONCENTRATION AND EXPOSURE TIME MUST BE FOLLOWED
PROCESS OPTION USES/COMMENTS MONITORING ADVANTAGES/COMMENTS DISADVANTAGES/COMMENTS
STERILIZATION Completely kills all forms of
Critical equipment/devices Effective sterilization must be
microbial life including
monitored
Some semicritical equipment/devices
spores
Peracetic acid Mechanical
Heat sensitive immersible Rapid Monitoring of efficacy of
equipment/devices (e.g. endoscopes, sterilization cycle with spore
(0.2%) - diagnostic cycle should be
Automated
dental and surgical instruments) strips is questionable
performed each day to
Leaves no residue
ensure that all mechanical
Can be used for immersible
components are
Effective in presence of
instruments only
Sterilizes in 30-45 minutes at 50-56°C (time
functioning properly
organic matter
and temperature controlled by cycle and
Corrosive
- with each cycle/load there
may vary due to water pressure, incoming
Sporicidal at low
are printouts that
water temperature, or filter status). Iincompatibility with some
temperatures
document the parameters
materials (e.g., aluminum)
of the cycle (e.g.
Safe for environment
temperature, exposure
Unstable, particularly when
time, etc.)
diluted
Chemical  each pack
In vapour form, PAA is volatile, has
a pungent odour, is toxic and is a
Biological  daily (G.
fire and explosion hazard.
stearothermophilus spores)
Pre-vacuum sterilizers 
Steam Sterilization First choice for critical equipment/devices Inexpensive Cannot use for heat or moisture
include air removal test daily
sensitive equipment/devices
Heat tolerant instruments and
Rapid
before first cycle of the day,
accessories
Unsuitable for anhydrous oils,
in an empty sterilizer with no
Small table top sterilizers Efficient
dry cycle powders, lensed instruments,
Linen
Gravity displacement Non-toxic
heat and moisture sensitive
Liquids Mechanical  each
sterilizers
materials
Good penetration
cycle/load
Foot care equipment
High-speed vacuum sterilizers
Some tabletop sterilizers lack a
Chemical  each pack
drying cycle
Biological  daily and on
Raised pressure (preset by manufacturer)
every type of cycle to be
to increase temperature to 121°C.
used; and with each load of
implantable
equipment/devices; Place
Time varies with temperature, type of
biological indicator near the
material and whether the instrument is
drain in a fully loaded
wrapped or not.
sterilizer (G.
stearothermophilus spores).
Steam must be saturated (narrow lumen
equipment/devices may require
Loads containing implantable
prehumidification)
devices shall be quarantined
until the results of the
biological indicator testing are
available.
| Page 98 of 109 pages
Best Practices for Cleaning, Disinfection and Sterilization in All Health Care Settings February, 2010
HIGH-LEVEL DISINFECTION
MANUFACTURERS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRODUCT, CONCENTRATION AND EXPOSURE TIME MUST BE FOLLOWED
PROCESS OPTION USES/COMMENTS MONITORING ADVANTAGES/COMMENTS DISADVANTAGES/COMMENTS
HIGH-LEVEL DISINFECTION Kills all vegetative forms of Does not kill bacterial spores.
Semicritical equipment/devices Monitoring for dilution is
(HLD) microbial life including
recommended
bacteria, viruses, fungi
and mycobacteria.
Glutaraldehyde Heat sensitive equipment/devices Exposure time and
Noncorrosive to metal, Extremely irritating to skin and
temperature must be
plastic, rubber, lens cements mucous membranes
(2%) Lensed instruments that do not require
maintained
sterilization
Active in presence of organic Need proper ventilation & closed
Test strips for concentration
Endoscopes material containers- ceiling limit 0.05 ppm
are available from the
Respiratory therapy equipment
Shelf life shortens when diluted
manufacturer and must be
(effective for 14-30 days
Anaesthesia equipment used at least daily (preferably
depending on formulation)
with each load).
Fingernail care equipment used on
multiple clients/patients/residents During reuse, concentration may
drop as dilution of the product
Product is time limited following
occurs
activation, usually maximum
High-level disinfection is achieved after at
Acts as a fixative
least 20 minutes at 20°C. Refer to 14 days. Chemical test strips
product label for time and temperature are available for determining
whether an effective
required to achieve high-level
disinfection. concentration of active
ingredients is present. During
reuse, the concentration may
drop as dilution of the product
occurs.
Safe for environment Contraindicated for use on
Accelerated Hydrogen Heat sensitive equipment/devices Test kits to monitor the
copper, brass, carbon-tipped
Peroxide concentration are available
Non-toxic
Delicate equipment/devices
devices and anodised aluminum
from the manufacturer and
(7%)
Active in the presence of
must be used with each load.
organic materials
Achieves high-level disinfection with
Rapid
undiluted 7% solution after at least 20
Inexpensive
minutes at 20°C (refer to product label
for time and temperature).
| Page 99 of 109 pages
Best Practices for Cleaning, Disinfection and Sterilization in All Health Care Settings February, 2010
MANUFACTURERS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRODUCT, CONCENTRATION AND EXPOSURE TIME MUST BE FOLLOWED
PROCESS OPTION USES/COMMENTS MONITORING ADVANTAGES/COMMENTS DISADVANTAGES/COMMENTS
HIGH-LEVEL DISINFECTION Kills all vegetative forms of Does not kill bacterial spores.
Semicritical equipment/devices Monitoring for dilution is
(HLD) microbial life including
recommended
bacteria, viruses, fungi
and mycobacteria.
Hydrogen peroxide Not currently available
Semicritical equipment used for home Strong oxidant Must be stored in cool place,
health care protect from light
(6%)
Rapid action
Disinfection of soft contact lenses Contraindicated for use on
Safe for the environment
copper, brass, carbon-tipped
Low cost
devices and aluminum
Achieves high-level disinfection after at
least 30 minutes. [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]